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Stroop in motion: Neurodynamic modulation underlying interference control while sitting, standing, and walking.

Manca Peskar1, Nina Omejc2, Maja Maša Šömen3

  • 1Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia; Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Faculty V: Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Biological Psychology
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Walking may improve executive functions like interference control in adults. Neurodynamics show faster processing during walking compared to sitting or standing, suggesting enhanced selective attention.

Keywords:
Dual-taskingEEGEvent-related potentialsMobile Brain/Body ImagingStroop taskWalking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Conflicting evidence exists on how walking affects interference control compared to static postures.
  • Neurodynamics of interference control during walking remain unstudied using the Stroop paradigm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurodynamics of interference control during walking versus sitting and standing.
  • To examine how varying Stroop task difficulty and dual-tasking with locomotion impact cognitive processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three Stroop task variants (word-reading, ink-naming, task-switching) with increasing interference.
  • Combined cognitive tasks with three motor conditions: sitting, standing, and treadmill walking.
  • Recorded neurodynamics using electroencephalogram (EEG) to analyze event-related potentials (ERPs) and brainwave power.

Main Results:

  • Performance worsened with incongruent trials and task-switching, indicating higher cognitive load.
  • Early ERP components (P2, N2) reflected posture-related workloads.
  • Later processing stages showed faster interference suppression and response selection during walking compared to static conditions.
  • Walking appears to facilitate selective attention and interference control.

Conclusions:

  • Walking may enhance selective attention and interference control in healthy adults.
  • Interpreting ERPs from stationary settings requires caution, as findings may not directly transfer to mobile conditions.
  • The study provides novel insights into cognitive-motor interactions during locomotion.