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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

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Loss Aversion and Current, Former, and Never-Smoking Status.

Eric A Thrailkill1,2,3, Michael DeSarno1,4, Stephen T Higgins1,2,3

  • 1Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Burlington VT, USA.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower loss aversion (LA) is linked to current cigarette smoking. Individuals who currently smoke show less loss aversion compared to former or never smokers, suggesting LA may be a risk factor for smoking.

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Area of Science:

  • Decision Science
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Loss aversion (LA) describes how the impact of potential losses outweighs that of equivalent gains on decision-making.
  • Lower LA is associated with current cigarette smoking and other substance use compared to controls.
  • Understanding LA's role in smoking behavior is crucial for addiction research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically replicate and extend the association between loss aversion and smoking status.
  • To compare LA levels across current, former, and never smokers.
  • To investigate the relationship between LA, delay discounting, and smoking status.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 984 participants (current, former, never smokers) via crowdsourcing.
  • Assessed loss aversion using 50-50 gambles.
  • Measured delay discounting with the monetary choice questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Current smokers exhibited significantly lower LA than former smokers (p < .0001) and never smokers (p = .0002).
  • Former smokers showed higher LA than never smokers (p < .0001).
  • These findings remained consistent after controlling for delay discounting and sociodemographics.

Conclusions:

  • Lower loss aversion is a potential risk factor associated with current cigarette smoking.
  • LA may influence or be influenced by changes in smoking status.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the causal roles of LA and delay discounting in substance use.