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Related Experiment Videos

Electrolyte shifts between brain and plasma in hypoglycemic coma.

B K Siesjö1, J K Deshpande

  • 1Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, University of Lund, Sweden.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Severe hypoglycemia causes ion imbalance, with increased tissue sodium and decreased potassium during coma. These electrolyte shifts reverse during recovery, but significant calcium accumulation is not observed, suggesting it doesn't cause neuronal damage.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hypoglycemia leading to coma disrupts brain energy and ion homeostasis.
  • Extracellular fluid (ECF) changes include increased potassium and decreased calcium.
  • The role of altered ECF-plasma ion gradients in tissue ion flux is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent of net ion fluxes between plasma and brain tissue during hypoglycemia-induced coma.
  • To measure whole tissue electrolyte content changes in response to severe hypoglycemia.

Main Methods:

  • Anesthetized, ventilated rats were induced into hypoglycemic coma using insulin.
  • Cerebral cortical tissue was sampled at various stages: pre-coma, during coma (10-60 min), and recovery (1.5-24 h).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tissue contents of calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), and sodium (Na+) were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • No electrolyte changes were observed in pre-comatose animals.
    • During coma, tissue Na+ content increased progressively, while K+ content decreased.
    • These electrolyte alterations reversed within 6 hours of recovery; Mg2+ remained unchanged, and no significant Ca2+ accumulation occurred.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypoglycemia-induced coma causes significant shifts in brain tissue Na+ and K+ content.
    • These ion disturbances are largely reversible upon recovery from hypoglycemia.
    • Despite a plasma-to-ECF gradient, significant calcium accumulation in brain tissue was not observed during hypoglycemia.