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Acute stress impairs goal-directed behavior by disrupting neural activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum. This study reveals stress suppresses neuronal responses and functional connectivity, particularly during the delay period of working memory tasks.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Stress Research

Background:

  • Goal-directed behavior relies on prefrontal cortex (PFC) and frontostriatal circuits.
  • Stress impairs cognitive functions dependent on these circuits.
  • Neural mechanisms of stress-induced cognitive deficits are not fully understood, especially beyond the PFC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effects of acute noise stress on neural activity in the dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) and dorsomedial striatum (dmSTR).
  • Examine how stress impacts neuronal spiking and local field potential oscillations during spatial working memory tasks.
  • Elucidate the role of frontostriatal circuitry in stress-related cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrophysiological recordings in rats performing a spatial working memory task.
  • Measured neuronal spiking activity and local field potential oscillations in the dmPFC and dmSTR.
  • Analyzed the impact of acute noise stress on neural coding and functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Acute stress significantly suppressed neuronal responses in both dmPFC and dmSTR, particularly for neurons tuned to task events like delay and reward.
  • Stress markedly reduced delay-related theta and alpha spectral power within and between dmPFC and dmSTR.
  • Stress also decreased synchrony between dmPFC and dmSTR during the delay period.

Conclusions:

  • Stress disrupts neural coding and functional connectivity within dorsomedial frontostriatal circuits.
  • These disruptions, especially concerning the delay period, likely contribute to stress-induced cognitive impairments.
  • Findings highlight the impact of stress on both PFC and striatal contributions to cognition.