Effect of wheeze and lung function on lung sound parameters in children with asthma

In children with asthma, there are many cases in which wheeze is confirmed by auscultation with a normal lung function, or in which the lung function is decreased without wheeze. Using an objective lung sound analysis, we examined the effect of wheeze and the lung function on lung sound parameters in children with asthma.

A total of 114 children with asthma (males to females = 80: 34, median age 10 years old) were analyzed for their lung sound parameters using conventional methods, and wheeze and the lung function were checked. The effects of wheeze and the lung function on lung sound parameters were examined.

The patients with wheeze or decreased forced expiratory flow and volume in 1 s (FEV₁) (% pred) showed a significantly higher sound power of respiration and expiration-to-inspiration sound power ratio (E/I) than those without wheeze and a normal FEV₁ (% pred). There was no marked difference in the sound power of respiration or E/I between the patients without wheeze and a decreased FEV₁ (% pred) and the patients with wheeze and a normal FEV₁ (% pred).

Our data suggest that bronchial constriction in the asthmatic children with wheeze similarly exists in the asthmatic children with a decreased lung function. A lung sound analysis is likely to enable an accurate understanding of airway conditions.