A new look for the old MMPI scales: contemporary norms for the Augmented Purdue Subscales

Content scales for the MMPI continue to hold considerable interest for clinicians. On the basis of a critique of prior research in this area, a new set of content-homogeneous subscales, the Augmented Purdue Subscales (APS), were developed for the basic MMPI scales. Norms for the APS then were derived from the MMPI response patterns of a large, randomly selected sample of contemporary normal persons.