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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Methods to Evaluate Cytotoxicity and Immunosuppression of Combustible Tobacco Product Preparations
Published on: January 10, 2015
Pharmacotherapy in Tobacco Cessation: A Narrative Review
Devanjali D Pajai1, Priyanka Paul1, Amit Reche1
1Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Abstract:
A chronic, recurring illness, known as nicotine addiction and dependence, is defined by a person's dependence on the substance up to the extent that their normal day-to-day activities are compromised in the absence of the substance. This paper will highlight first-line smoking cessation treatments, such as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and varenicline, and second-line medications, such as clonidine, nortriptyline, anxiolytics, mecamylamine, naltrexone, and NicVAX (Nabi Biopharmaceuticals, Rockville, MD, USA). NRT offers many options for nicotine delivery methods, comprising nicotine gum, rapid-release gum, lozenges, transdermal patches, high-dose nicotine patches, oral inhalers, nasal sprays, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and sublingual tablets. Pharmacotherapies for quitting tobacco should lessen withdrawal symptoms and stop nicotine's reinforcing effects without having too many side effects.
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