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Infants were introduced to complementary feeding earlier in 2018 compared with 2003.

Frida Strömberg Celind1,2, Emma Goksör1, Elisabeth Carlén1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|March 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Infants born in 2018 received complementary foods like eggs, fish, and gluten earlier than those born in 2003. This aligns with current guidelines and may lower allergy risks.

Keywords:
birth cohortscomplementary feedingfood allergyfood introductioninfant

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Allergy Prevention
  • Public Health Recommendations

Background:

  • Swedish food allergy prevention guidelines shifted towards earlier introduction of complementary foods after 2001.
  • Previous advice recommended delaying introduction of eggs, fish, and peanuts until age one to mitigate allergy risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess adherence to current Swedish recommendations for complementary feeding.
  • To investigate changes in the timing of introducing allergenic foods between 2003 and 2018.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of two prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort studies of children born in 2003 and 2018.
  • Parents completed comparable questionnaires at 6 and 12 months of age regarding infant feeding practices.

Main Results:

  • In 2018, significant proportions of infants received eggs (67.2%), fish (78.9%), gluten (89.1%), and cow's milk (76.6%) by 6 months.
  • Introduction of gluten, fish, and eggs was significantly earlier in the 2018 cohort compared to the 2003 cohort (p < 0.01), even after adjusting for hereditary factors, parental education, and child's allergic history.

Conclusions:

  • Complementary feeding of eggs, fish, and gluten occurred earlier in infants born in 2018 versus 2003.
  • This trend suggests potential reduction in allergic disease risk and indicates adherence to current public health guidelines for infant feeding.