Comparison of brain structure volumes in Insectivora and primates. VII. Amygdaloid components

Volumes of the amygdaloid complex (AMY) and some subdivisions were measured in 2 species of Macroscelidea, 39 species of Insectivora, 3 species of Scandentia, 18 species of prosimians, 26 species of simians and man. Changes in the relative size from Insectivora through man (expressed by size indices) showed a definite tendency to increase in the cortico-basolateral subdivision (LAM) and more or less constant relations in the centromedial subdivision (MAM), except for the nucleus tractus olfactorii lateralis (NTO), which becomes distinctly reduced. The reduction of NTO is even stronger than that of the main olfactory bulb (BOL), which in simians and man is small but distinct, whereas NTO is hardly recognizable in most of these forms. In the LAM group the size increase of the large-celled part of the basal nucleus (MCB) is less than that of the small-celled components (including the lateral nucleus). The differences between LAM and MAM groups are discussed with regard to the predominant fiber connections, which in MAM are stronger with conservative brains parts (brainstem), and in LAM with progressive brain parts (e.g. neocortex).