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A Visuospatial Planning Task Coupled with Eye-Tracker and Electroencephalogram Systems.

Marcos Domic-Siede1, Martín Irani2, Joaquín Valdés3

  • 1Laboratorio de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte; mdomic@ucn.cl.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|March 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive planning involves mental and execution stages. This study found that frontal-midline theta activity (FMθ) in the prefrontal cortex increases during planning, suggesting a new method for assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurophysiology
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Planning is crucial for goal-directed behavior and is impaired in neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Assessing planning is challenging due to its complex cognitive demands and integration with neuroimaging.
  • Distinguishing mental planning from execution is vital for understanding the neural basis of planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of cognitive planning using a novel experimental paradigm.
  • To differentiate the neural activity during the mental planning stage versus the execution stage.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of combining electroencephalography (EEG) and eye-tracking for planning assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A planning task involving maze navigation on zoo maps was designed, with distinct planning, maintenance, execution, and response phases.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movement recordings were employed in 27 healthy adults.
  • A control task was implemented to isolate the cognitive planning component.

Main Results:

  • EEG analysis revealed a gradual, sustained increase in frontal-midline theta activity (FMθ) during the planning phase.
  • Source analysis localized the origin of this FMθ activity to the prefrontal cortex.
  • Eye-tracking data successfully captured the execution of planned paths.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that frontal-midline theta activity is a reliable neural marker for cognitive planning.
  • The combined EEG and eye-tracking paradigm effectively evaluates planning processes.
  • This methodology offers a promising tool for future research and clinical applications in understanding planning deficits.