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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Time use, time pressure and sleep: is gender an effect modifier?

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Gendered labor impacts sleep duration and quality. Total work hours correlate with less sleep, and men working less paid hours report more sleep difficulties. Time pressure also negatively affects sleep outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Sleep Science
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • The gendered division of labor influences how men and women allocate and experience time.
  • Time spent on paid and unpaid work is linked to sleep outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between time use, time pressure, and sleep.
  • To determine if gender modifies these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 7611 adults in the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey.
  • Calculation of time use (total commitments, proportion in paid work) and time pressure.
  • Examination of sleep quality, duration, and difficulties using logistic regression and effect modification analyses.

Main Results:

  • Increased total time commitments were associated with reduced sleep duration (<7 hours).
  • Gender modified the association between time in paid work and sleep duration/difficulties.
  • Men with less time in paid work reported more sleep difficulties.
  • Time pressure was linked to poorer sleep quality, shorter duration, and more difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Time use and time pressure significantly impact sleep.
  • These effects on sleep are experienced differently between genders.