Self-care practices among heart failure patients: A cross-sectional study in Saudi population

To describe self-care practices among Saudi heart failure (HF) patients and identify sociodemographic characteristics contributing to self-care practices.

A cross-sectional study utilizing the Arabic-language version of the revised Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI), version 7-2. A convenience sample of 245 people treated for HF at a tertiary heart center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were recruited from June to August 2020.

Statistical descriptions of SCHFI showed that confidence level was 84%, maintenance level was 67.5%, and monitoring level was 67.2%. Females' HF management (p=0.023) and confidence (p=0.002) were significantly higher than male participants. In addition, education level and employment status had a significant effect on HF monitoring with a p-value of 0.006 for the 4 employment categories (F=[3,241]=4.06, p=0.008, h²=0.048). The effect size was small to medium for education level and employment status in the abovementioned results. Confidence significantly contributed to explaining all self-care sub-scale scores. Independent variables significantly predicted monitoring subscale scores (R2=0.082, F=[7,237]=3.027, p=0.005).

Self-care practices in this study showed higher scores than those reported in international studies. Further studies are warranted to explore everyday self-care needs and challenges among HF patients.