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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

2.0K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
2.0K
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

1.5K
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
1.5K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

4.3K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
4.3K
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

2.7K
The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
2.7K
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

2.3K
The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
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Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

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[Automatic modeling of the knee joint based on artificial intelligence].

Xiaoyong Tang1, Xiaohu Li1, Xuelian Gu1

  • 1School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China.

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhongguo Xiufu Chongjian Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery
|March 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) significantly speeds up knee joint modeling by automating segmentation. This AI method provides accurate 3D knee models comparable to manual segmentation, improving efficiency for surgical planning.

Keywords:
Automatic segmentationDICE coefficientPearson coefficientartificial intelligenceknee joint

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Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs
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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Medical imaging
  • Biomedical engineering

Context:

  • Knee joint modeling is crucial for surgical planning and biomechanical analysis.
  • Traditional manual segmentation is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Developing efficient and accurate automated methods is a priority.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI) based automatic segmentation and modeling technique for knee joints.
  • To compare the efficiency and accuracy of AI-driven knee modeling against manual methods.
  • To assess the potential of AI in improving knee joint modeling workflows.

Summary:

  • AI automatic segmentation and modeling were performed on knee CT images using Mimics software.
  • The study compared AI-generated models with manually segmented models.
  • Key metrics included modeling time, Pearson correlation, and DICE coefficients to assess accuracy and consistency.

Impact:

  • AI-based knee modeling drastically reduces reconstruction time compared to manual methods.
  • The AI approach demonstrates high accuracy and consistency with manual segmentation.
  • This validates AI as a tool for rapid and reliable knee joint reconstruction in clinical practice.