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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
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Approaching optimal entangling collective measurements on quantum computing platforms.

Lorcán O Conlon1, Tobias Vogl2,3, Christian D Marciniak4

  • 1Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory Australia.

Nature Physics
|March 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrated optimal collective measurements for quantum sensing, improving sensitivity even with decoherence. This advance in quantum metrology offers insights into the uncertainty principle and future quantum networks.

Keywords:
Quantum informationQuantum mechanicsQuantum metrologyQubitsTheoretical physics

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Quantum information science
  • Quantum metrology

Background:

  • Entanglement is key to quantum mechanics, promising advancements in metrology and communications.
  • Current quantum metrology often focuses on highly entangled states for enhanced sensitivity.
  • Achieving ultimate limits in multi-parameter quantum metrology requires collective measurements that entangle multiple quantum state copies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate theoretically optimal single- and two-copy collective measurements.
  • To simultaneously estimate two non-commuting qubit rotations for quantum-enhanced sensing.
  • To investigate the persistence of metrological gain under decoherence and gain insights into the uncertainty principle.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental demonstration of optimal collective measurements.
  • Simultaneous estimation of two non-commuting qubit rotations.
  • Implementation on superconducting, trapped-ion, and photonic systems.

Main Results:

  • Theoretically optimal single- and two-copy collective measurements were experimentally realized.
  • Quantum-enhanced sensing was implemented, showing persistent metrological gain even with high decoherence.
  • Fundamental insights into the interpretation of the uncertainty principle were obtained.

Conclusions:

  • Collective measurements are essential for advancing multi-parameter quantum metrology and quantum information processing.
  • The demonstrated quantum-enhanced sensing approach is robust against decoherence.
  • The findings provide a blueprint for future quantum-enhanced sensing networks.