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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Nonceliac gluten sensitivity.

Carlo Catassi¹, Giulia Catassi², Loris Naspi³

¹Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

|March 21, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is common, but often lacks confirmed diagnosis. The gluten-free diet is an effective treatment for many patients with NCWS-related irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Immunology
Dietary Science

Background:

Nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a disorder with variable symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like manifestations.
Nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is a more encompassing term, recognizing wheat components beyond gluten like fructans and amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs).
Self-reported NCWS is prevalent globally, especially in gastroenterology clinics, yet many diagnoses lack confirmation by standard criteria.

Approach:

Reviewing recent advances in understanding NCWS.
Evaluating diagnostic challenges, including the absence of a specific biomarker.
Examining the efficacy of the gluten-free diet (GFD) in managing NCWS-related IBS.
Considering emerging therapeutic strategies, such as gluten-digesting enzymes.

Key Points:

NCWS is a better umbrella term than NCGS due to other wheat triggers.
A biomarker for NCWS is still needed, but subtle biopsy findings may aid diagnosis.
The gluten-free diet (GFD) is an effective treatment for a significant portion of NCWS-related IBS patients.
Dietitians play a crucial role in assessing triggers and tailoring dietary interventions for NCWS.

Conclusions:

Recent research has illuminated pathophysiological and clinical aspects of NCWS.
Further investigation is required to understand the epidemiology, identify biomarkers, and determine the natural history of NCWS.
The GFD remains a primary treatment, with ongoing research into novel enzyme-based therapies.