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Morphometric analysis of clinically significant parameters of the main trunk of the left coronary artery

Almira Lujinović1, Lejla Dervišević1, Zurifa Ajanović1

  • 1Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Medicinski Glasnik : Official Publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
|March 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The length of the left main coronary artery (LMT) varies greatly and does not correlate with the angles of its main branches. Understanding these anatomical variations is crucial for accurate arteriogram interpretation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The left coronary artery main trunk (LMT) anatomy, including branching angles and length, is vital for interpreting coronary arteriograms.
  • Variations in LMT branching patterns can impact diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure angles between the LMT and its branches (LAD, CX) and assess their relationship with LMT length.
  • To investigate variations in LMT branching and their anatomical significance.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 29 cadaveric hearts to analyze LMT length and branching patterns.
  • Measurement of LMT length, LAD-CX angle, LMT-LAD angle, and LMT-CX angle using digital and manual goniometers.

Main Results:

  • LMT length exhibited significant variability (mean 9.0 mm).
  • The LAD-CX angle differed significantly between bifurcation and trifurcation patterns (p=0.020).
  • The LMT-LAD angle was significantly lower in hearts with LMT bifurcation compared to trifurcation (p=0.006).

Conclusions:

  • LMT length is highly variable and shows no correlation with branching angles (LAD-CX, LMT-LAD, LMT-CX).
  • Accurate knowledge of left coronary artery anatomical variations is essential for preventing misinterpretation of arteriograms.

Keywords:
anatomical variationsbranching patternleft coronary artery

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