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Virtually Augmented Self-Hypnosis in Peripheral Vascular Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Giuseppe Gullo^1,2, David Christian Rotzinger^3,4, Anaïs Colin³

¹Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland. giuseppe.gullo@chuv.ch.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology

|March 22, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Virtual reality (VR) augmented self-hypnosis significantly reduced anxiety during endovascular interventions (EVI). While pain relief was not significantly different, VR effectively lowered patient distress, offering a safe, non-pharmacological adjunctive therapy.

Keywords:

Analgesia Anxiety Hypnosis Interventional Pain management Radiology Virtual reality

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging and Radiology
Psychology
Pain Management

Background:

Hypnosis is recognized for its effectiveness in mitigating distress during medical procedures.
Endovascular interventions (EVI) can induce significant patient anxiety and pain.
Non-pharmacological methods are increasingly explored as adjunctive therapies for procedural distress.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of virtually augmented self-hypnosis as a non-pharmacological tool for reducing procedural pain and anxiety during EVI.
To compare immersive virtual reality (VR) distraction with treatment as usual (TAU) in managing patient distress during EVI.

Main Methods:

A randomized open study comparing VR (using the "Aqua" module with virtual scuba diving and breathing exercises) against TAU in 100 patients undergoing EVI.
Patients experienced self-induced hypnosis via VR without direct professional intervention.
Anxiety was measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and pain (sensory, emotional, memory) using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Assessments were conducted pre-procedure, post-procedure, and at 3-month follow-up.

Main Results:

Mean anxiety levels were significantly reduced both within and between the VR and TAU groups (p=0.016).
A higher percentage of patients in the VR group (76%) responded to anxiety reduction compared to the TAU group (46%) (p=0.004).
No significant differences were observed between groups in sensory-intensity pain, affective emotional pain, 3-month pain memory, procedural time, or need for analgesic/sedative drugs.

Conclusions:

Virtual reality augmented self-hypnosis demonstrates potential as an effective adjunctive therapy for managing patient distress during radiological procedures.
This VR-based approach is safe and effective in reducing anxiety associated with endovascular interventions.
Further research may explore optimizing VR interventions for comprehensive pain and anxiety management in EVI.