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Identification of thrombotic biomarkers in orthopedic surgery patients by plasma proteomics
Cui-Qing Liu1,2, Yu-Jing Gao1,2, Geng-Xiong Lin2
1School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510613, China.
Insights
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) shows potential as a biomarker for detecting thrombosis risk in orthopedic surgery patients. Elevated VWF levels in high-risk groups suggest its utility in improving Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Proteomics
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Current Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) diagnostics, like D-dimer, lack specificity.
- There is a clinical need for more accurate thrombus biomarkers to enhance VTE diagnostic power.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel protein biomarkers for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in orthopedic surgery patients.
- To compare protein expression profiles between low-risk and high-risk thrombosis groups.
Main Methods:
- Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) was used to analyze plasma samples from low-risk and high-risk groups.
- Bioinformatics analyses, including volcano plots and KEGG pathway analysis, identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).
- Validation of key proteins, such as Von Willebrand factor (VWF), was performed using ELISA.
Main Results:
- DIA-MS identified 371 proteins, with 30 DEPs found between the groups.
- DEPs were significantly associated with the blood coagulation pathway.
- Elevated levels of Von Willebrand factor (VWF) were observed in the high-risk thrombosis group compared to the low-risk group.
Conclusions:
- Von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels are significantly higher in orthopedic surgery patients at high risk for thrombosis.
- VWF demonstrates potential as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in orthopedic surgery patients.
- These findings may lead to improved diagnostic strategies for VTE in this patient population.
Background:
Due to the poor specificity of D-dimer, more accurate thrombus biomarkers are clinically needed to improve the diagnostic power of VTE.
Methods:
The plasma samples were classified into low-risk group (n = 6) and high-risk group (n = 6) according to the Caprini Thrombosis Risk Assessment Scale score. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) was performed to identify the proteins in the 12 plasma samples. Bioinformatics analysis including volcano plot, heatmap, KEGG pathways and chord diagram analysis were drawn to analyze the significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the two groups. Then, another 26 plasma samples were collected to verify the key proteins as potential biomarkers of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients.
Results:
A total of 371 proteins were identified by DIA-MS in 12 plasma samples. Volcano plotting showed that there were 30 DEPs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DEPs were majorly involved in the blood coagulation pathway. The chord diagram analysis demonstrated that proteins SAA1, VWF, FLNA, ACTB, VINC, F13B, F13A and IPSP in the DEPs were significantly related to blood coagulation. VWF and F13B were selected for validation experiments. ELISA test showed that, as compared with those in the low-risk group, the level of VWF in the high-risk sera was significantly increased.
Conclusions:
The level of VWF in the high-risk group of thrombosis after orthopedic surgery was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group of preoperative thrombosis, suggesting that VWF may be used as a potential thrombus biomarker in orthopedic surgery patients.
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