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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

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Perforated Emphysematous Cholecystitis: A Race Against Time.

Ashminie P Misir1, Ilma Vahora1, Gabrielle Unbehaun1

  • 1General Surgery, St. George's University School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.

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|March 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Emphysematous cholecystitis is a rare gallbladder infection that can rapidly perforate. Early diagnosis via CT scans and surgical intervention have significantly reduced mortality rates for this condition.

Keywords:
emphysematous cholecystitisgallbladder stonesnecrotic gallbladderopen cholecystectomyperforated gallbladder

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Emphysematous cholecystitis is a rare, severe form of acute cholecystitis.
  • It is characterized by gas-forming bacteria within the gallbladder wall and lumen.

Observation:

  • Gallbladder perforation is a life-threatening complication requiring urgent surgical management.
  • Diagnosis is typically confirmed by computed tomography (CT) showing intraluminal and extraluminal air.

Findings:

  • Common risk factors include diabetes, atherosclerosis, and infection with specific bacteria (e.g., Clostridium perfringens, E. coli).
  • This case presents a rare instance of gallbladder perforation in a non-diabetic female without atherosclerotic disease.

Implications:

  • Advances in imaging (CT) and prompt surgical intervention have improved patient outcomes.
  • Understanding atypical presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment of emphysematous cholecystitis.