Myoid Gonadal Stromal Tumor: A New Case Report with a Review of the Literature

The myoid gonadal stromal tumor is a very rare testicular spindle cell tumor. Few cases have been reported in the literature from 1977 to 2022. It was an emerging entity in the fourth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs and has been instated as a full benign entity in the new edition of 2022. We report herein an additional case of a myoid gonadal stromal tumor. It was a 27-year-old man who presented with an asymptomatic mass in his left testicle for 2 months. The mass was confirmed by ultrasound as a 3 cm solid well-circumscribed lesion for which orchiectomy has been performed. The histological analysis of the specimen and the immunohistochemistry staining was consistent with a myoid gonadal stromal tumor. The characteristics of this tumor are summarized in well-circumscribed, nonencapsulated masses of uniform spindle cells, and immunohistochemically, tumor cells coexpress SMA and S-100 protein. The benign behavior of this tumor is demonstrated by our results and those presented in the previous cases reported in the literature.