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Psychological reactance and vaccine uptake: a longitudinal study.

Iris A M Verpaalen1, Simone M Ritter2, Madelon L M van Hooff1,3

  • 1Behavioural Science Intitute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Psychology & Health
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychological reactance, a response to perceived threats to freedom, remained stable during the COVID-19 vaccination program. While it lowered vaccination intention, it did not ultimately predict vaccine uptake in adults under 60.

Keywords:
COVID-19Vaccinationhealth communicationlongitudinal studypsychological reactance

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Vaccine uptake is often voluntary, but perceived threats to freedom can induce psychological reactance.
  • Reactance may lead to vaccine refusal, creating a barrier to vaccination.
  • Understanding reactance fluctuations and its impact on vaccination intention and behavior is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in state reactance during a COVID-19 vaccination program.
  • To examine the relationship between reactance, vaccination intention, and vaccine uptake.
  • To explore reactance's influence on decision confidence regarding vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving a representative sample of Dutch adults under 60 (N=1411).
  • Questionnaires were administered at three time points: before eligibility, before invitation, and after the vaccination opportunity.
  • Regression analyses were used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Reactance levels remained stable over time, contrary to hypotheses.
  • Reactance significantly predicted lower subsequent vaccination intention.
  • Controlling for intention, reactance did not predict actual vaccine uptake.
  • Reactance was associated with lower decision confidence, except in individuals with strong opposition to vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological reactance plays a sustained role in the decision-making process leading up to vaccination.
  • While reactance influences the path toward a vaccination decision, it does not solely determine the final choice.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay between psychological factors and vaccination behavior.