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Acute epiglottitis caused by COVID-19: A systematic review
Xiangming Meng1, Chengzhou Han1, Yangyang Wang1
1Department of Otolaryngology, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, 2 Zhanqian North Road, Luoshe Town, Huishan District, Wuxi, China.
Biomolecules & Biomedicine
|March 22, 2023
Summary
COVID-19 can cause acute epiglottitis (AE), a rare condition. This review highlights key clinical features of COVID-19-related AE, emphasizing hoarseness and recommending emergency tracheotomy for severe cases.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Otolaryngology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread infections globally.
- Acute epiglottitis (AE) is a recognized but poorly understood complication of COVID-19.
- Limited awareness among healthcare professionals contributes to challenges in diagnosing COVID-19-related AE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and elucidate the clinical characteristics of acute epiglottitis associated with COVID-19.
- To enhance understanding of this uncommon manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To provide insights for improved clinical recognition and management.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed across major databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus.
- Keywords included "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," and "AE" combined with Boolean operators.
- The review synthesized data from 11 reported cases of COVID-19-related AE.
Main Results:
- The review identified 11 cases of COVID-19-related AE, predominantly affecting adult males (81.8%).
- Common symptoms included hoarseness, dysphagia, odynophagia, sore throat, and dyspnea, with hoarseness being a potential hallmark symptom.
- Comorbidities were present in five patients. Airway management involved intubation and cricothyroidotomy in some cases.
Conclusions:
- Acute epiglottitis is an uncommon but possible manifestation of COVID-19.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of AE.
- Emergency tracheotomy is recommended for severe dyspnea in COVID-19-related AE due to potential intubation difficulties.
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