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[Epigenetic influences and brain development].

P L Sokolov1, N V Chebanenko2, D M Mednaya3

  • 1Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Assistance for Children, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|March 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications are crucial for brain development. These reversible processes allow brain cells to adapt to environmental signals, influencing neurodevelopment and potentially preventing congenital brain pathologies.

Keywords:
Brain developmentcerebral palsychromatin remodelingepigeneticshistone modificationsmethylationneuroontogenesisnoncoding RNAsreview

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Context:

  • Scientific data on epigenetic regulation of brain development is rapidly expanding.
  • Epigenetic processes play a vital role in postnatal neurodevelopment.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of scientific research on epigenetic influences on brain development.
  • To explore mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs.

Summary:

  • Epigenetic modifications such as DNA/RNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs regulate brain development.
  • These often reversible modifications offer plasticity for cell responses to environmental signals.
  • Specific roles of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in neurodevelopment and oligodendroglia function are discussed.

Impact:

  • Understanding epigenetic influences can lead to pathogenetically determined prevention of congenital brain pathologies.
  • Highlights the plasticity of brain development in response to environmental cues.
  • Identifies potential therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental disorders.