Nonreciprocal collective magnetostatic wave modes in geometrically asymmetric bilayer structure with nonmagnetic...

Nonreciprocity, i.e. inequivalence in amplitudes and frequencies of spin waves propagating in opposite directions, is a key property underlying functionality in prospective magnonic devices. Here we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically a simple approach to induce frequency nonreciprocity in a magnetostatically coupled ferromagnetic bilayer structure with a nonmagnetic spacer by its geometrical asymmetry. Using Brillouin light scattering, we show the formation of two collective spin wave modes in Fe₈₁Ga₁₉/Cu/Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ structure with different thicknesses of ferromagnetic layers. Experimental reconstruction and theoretical modeling of the dispersions of acoustic and optical collective spin wave modes reveal that both possess nonreciprocity reaching several percent at the wavenumber of 22 × 10⁴ rad cm^-1. The analysis demonstrates that the shift of the amplitudes of counter-propagating coupled modes towards either of the layers is responsible for the nonreciprocity because of the pronounced dependence of spin wave frequency on the layers' thickness. The proposed approach enables the design of multilayered ferromagnetic structures with a given spin wave dispersion for magnonic logic gates.