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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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How Obstructed Action Efficacy Impacts Reward-Based Decision Making in Adolescent Depression: An fMRI Study.

Katia M Harlé¹, Tiffany C Ho², Colm G Connolly³

¹VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, and the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

|March 22, 2023

Summary

Adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) showed less flexible behavior when their actions were blocked, alongside altered brain activity in reward processing areas. This suggests neurocognitive mechanisms contributing to affective dysregulation in adolescent depression.

Keywords:

adolescent depression depression fMRI frustration reward

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Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

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Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Disrupted reward seeking behavior can lead to negative affect and potentially depression in adolescents.
Neurocognitive mechanisms linking goal disruption to reward processing in adolescent depression remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how incidental action obstruction impacts reward-based decision-making in adolescents.
To characterize the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying reward processing alterations in adolescent depression.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess 62 adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 68 healthy controls.
Participants completed a card game task with intermittent blocking of action efficacy in low- and high-stake conditions.

Main Results:

Adolescents with MDD demonstrated fewer behavioral repetitions when action efficacy was obstructed, particularly in low-stake conditions.
MDD participants showed increased activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, caudate, and putamen during response repetition.

Conclusions:

Adolescents with depression exhibit reduced behavioral flexibility when facing blocked actions.
Abnormalities in neural systems involved in regulating negative affect during reward decision-making are implicated in adolescent depression.