The roadmap to transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Interventional Cardiology
• Medical History

Background:

• Aortic stenosis (AS) has been recognized for nearly 300 years.
• Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) emerged as a significant treatment option within the last two decades.
• The rapid advancement of TAVI necessitates understanding its historical context.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a historical timeline of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) development.
• To integrate the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis with the conceptualization and evolution of TAVI.
• To map the clinical trials that established TAVI as a standard procedure.

Main Methods:

• Historical review of aortic valve obstruction and TAVI.
• Analysis of key randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in TAVI progression.
• Synthesis of pathophysiological understanding and clinical evidence.

Main Results:

• TAVI has rapidly become a recognized strategy for aortic stenosis patients.
• Decades of research and numerous RCTs underpin current TAVI practices.
• Understanding TAVI's evolution enhances clinical reasoning and future research.

Conclusions:

• The historical trajectory of TAVI, from concept to widespread adoption, is crucial for medical professionals.
• Integrating historical insights with recent RCT findings provides a comprehensive perspective on TAVI for aortic stenosis.
• This review highlights the importance of understanding the evolution of medical interventions.