Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

1.5K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.5K
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

1.2K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
1.2K
Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

493
Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
493
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

888
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
888
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

2.1K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
2.1K
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

20.6K
Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Criterion Referenced Standards for Neurornuscular Physical Fitness Tests: An Analysis.

Pediatric exercise science·2025
Same author

Top 10 research questions related to musculoskeletal physical fitness testing in children and adolescents.

Research quarterly for exercise and sport·2014
Same author

A primer-test centered equating method for setting cut-off scores.

Research quarterly for exercise and sport·2011
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

12.7K

Maturation and Exercise Training in Children.

Sharon Ann Plowman1

  • 1Department of Physical Education, Anderson Hall, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.

Pediatric Exercise Science
|March 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Intense exercise training in children shows similar growth rates for athletes and non-athletes. However, female athletes may experience delayed puberty, particularly menarche, necessitating monitoring of strenuous training programs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric exercise science
  • Sports medicine
  • Human growth and development

Background:

  • Understanding the impact of exercise on child development is crucial for public health.
  • Athletic participation in children is widespread, necessitating research into its effects on maturation.
  • Previous studies suggest potential disruptions in pubertal development for young athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of exercise training on somatic, skeletal, and sexual maturation in children.
  • To investigate potential delays in pubertal development among young athletes, particularly female athletes.
  • To explore genetic and environmental factors influencing maturation in response to training.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on exercise, growth, and maturation in children.

More Related Videos

A Simple and Inexpensive Running Wheel Model for Progressive Resistance Training in Mice
06:59

A Simple and Inexpensive Running Wheel Model for Progressive Resistance Training in Mice

Published on: April 28, 2022

3.7K
Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease
10:19

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease

Published on: August 22, 2014

14.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

12.7K
A Simple and Inexpensive Running Wheel Model for Progressive Resistance Training in Mice
06:59

A Simple and Inexpensive Running Wheel Model for Progressive Resistance Training in Mice

Published on: April 28, 2022

3.7K
Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease
10:19

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease

Published on: August 22, 2014

14.3K
  • Analysis of somatic, skeletal, and sexual maturation indicators in young athletes versus non-athletes.
  • Exploration of potential causative mechanisms for observed maturational differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Children involved in exercise training exhibit comparable growth rates and extent to non-athletes.
    • Evidence suggests a potential delay in pubertal development for young female athletes.
    • Menarche (first menstruation) is more consistently delayed than thelarche (breast development) or pubarche (pubic hair development).

    Conclusions:

    • While overall growth is unaffected, strenuous exercise may impact the timing of sexual maturation in female athletes.
    • Further longitudinal studies collecting physical and hormonal data in both male and female athletes are required.
    • Current recommendations include encouraging regular physical activity for all children while monitoring maturational progress in those undertaking intensive training.