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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

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Changes of tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer after TKI treatments

Shanshan Chen1, Jingyi Tang1, Fen Liu1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|March 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but resistance develops. This review discusses how TKIs alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) to inform new NSCLC treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major diagnosis, often driven by genetic mutations like EGFR, KRAS, and ALK.
  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show superior efficacy over chemotherapy for oncogene-driven NSCLC.
  • Acquired resistance to TKIs necessitates urgent development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in NSCLC treatment efficacy.
  • To discuss the impact of TKIs, particularly EGFR-TKIs, on the TME in NSCLC.
  • To provide insights for developing new therapeutic approaches for oncogene-driven NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TKI treatment in NSCLC.
  • Analysis of studies investigating TME alterations following TKI therapy.
  • Focus on changes induced by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKIs.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy has shown limited efficacy in oncogene-driven NSCLC despite its success in other cancers.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical factor influencing the effectiveness of targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
  • TKIs can modulate the TME, presenting potential therapeutic opportunities.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TKI-induced TME changes is crucial for overcoming resistance in NSCLC.
  • Targeting the TME may enhance the efficacy of current and future therapies for oncogene-driven NSCLC.
  • Further research into TME modulation holds promise for improving NSCLC treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
ICIs - immune checkpoint inhibitorsdriver mutationnon-small cell lung cancertumor microenvironmenttyrosine kinase inhibitor

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