Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

4.1K
This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
4.1K
Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

2.2K
Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For...
2.2K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.5K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.5K
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

1.9K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
1.9K
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence01:26

Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

564
Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...
564
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

460
Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
460

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Titanium bridge wing fracture after type II thyroplasty for adductor spasmodic dysphonia: No adverse effect on long-term vocal function.

Auris, nasus, larynx·2026
Same author

Blood IL-6 is a critical trigger of depressive symptoms in a mouse model for human atopic dermatitis.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Excited-State Antiaromaticity in Nonbenzenoid Aromatics: Examining the Dynamics of Intramolecular Proton Transfer With a Small Driving Force.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Deletion of neurosecretory proteins GL and GM drives dual anti-obesity effects via appetite suppression and enhanced energy expenditure.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Correction: Sleep-wake patterns are altered with age, Prdm13 signaling in the DMH and diet restriction in mice.

Life science alliance·2026
Same author

A translocation-mediated duplication of the distal region of chromosome 5A reduced the culm length in a gamma-irradiated wheat mutant.

Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
08:51

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.6K

Carbazole-Dendronized Luminescent Radicals.

Rui Xiaotian1, Wataru Ota2, Tohru Sato3,4,5

  • 1Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga-Koen Kasuga-shi Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Synthesized carbazole-dendronized tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl (TTM) radicals show enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and photostability with increasing generation. The fourth generation G4TTM radical achieved a 63% PLQY in the deep-red region.

Keywords:
CarbazolesDendrimersExcited Doublet StateLuminescencent MaterialsStable Radicals

More Related Videos

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

10.9K
Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems
10:38

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems

Published on: March 3, 2010

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
08:51

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.6K
Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

10.9K
Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems
10:38

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems

Published on: March 3, 2010

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl (TTM) radicals are known for their unique electronic and magnetic properties.
  • Dendronization is a strategy to modify molecular properties through branched architectures.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships in functional organic materials is crucial for developing new applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize carbazole-dendronized TTM radicals up to the fourth generation.
  • To systematically investigate the impact of dendron generation on the photophysical properties of TTM radicals.
  • To establish structure-property correlations for these novel dendronized radicals.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a series of carbazole-dendronized TTM radicals.
  • Spectroscopic characterization, including photoluminescence measurements.
  • Comparison of photophysical properties (PLQY, emission wavelength, photostability) across different generations.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of dendronized TTM radicals up to the fourth generation (G4TTM).
  • Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) increased with increasing dendron generation, reaching 63% for G4TTM.
  • Emission exhibited a blue-shift with increasing generation, and photostability was enhanced compared to the bare TTM radical.

Conclusions:

  • Carbazole-dendronization is an effective strategy to tune the photophysical properties of TTM radicals.
  • Increasing dendron generation leads to improved PLQY and photostability, with significant deep-red emission achieved.
  • These findings offer a pathway for designing advanced organic materials with tailored photophysical characteristics.