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Related Concept Videos

The Scientific Method01:32

The Scientific Method

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The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.
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Chemical Reactions01:19

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A chemical reaction is a process by which the bonds in the atoms of substances are rearranged to generate new substances. Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction—the same type and number of atoms that make up the reactants are still present in the products. Merely, the rearrangement of chemical bonds produces new compounds.
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Free Energy01:21

Free Energy

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Free energy—abbreviated as G for the scientist Gibbs who discovered it—is a measurement of useful energy that can be extracted from a reaction to do work. It is the energy in a chemical reaction that is available after entropy is accounted for. Reactions that take in energy are considered endergonic and reactions that release energy are exergonic. Plants carry out endergonic reactions by taking in sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Animals, in turn, break...
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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The Scientific Method02:40

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Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
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    Area of Science:

    • This compilation spans diverse scientific disciplines, including biology, physics, chemistry, and environmental science.

    Background:

    • The Science family of journals is renowned for publishing high-impact research.
    • These highlights represent significant contributions to scientific knowledge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To showcase pivotal research findings from recent publications.
    • To provide a snapshot of cutting-edge scientific advancements.

    Main Methods:

    • No specific methods are detailed as this is a compilation of highlights.
    • Articles selected represent a range of experimental and theoretical approaches.

    Main Results:

    • Key breakthroughs in areas such as gene editing, climate science, and astrophysics are featured.
    • The highlights underscore novel discoveries and innovative methodologies.

    Conclusions:

    • The selected research demonstrates the dynamic and evolving nature of modern science.
    • These findings have the potential to shape future scientific inquiry and technological development.