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What is currently known about the association between bariatric surgery and cancer
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Background:
Obesity increases the risk of multiple cancers.
Objective:
The purpose of this manuscript is to review the high-quality studies that have provided the most compelling evidence around the association between bariatric surgery and cancer risk.
Setting:
Literature review.
Methods:
The literature was reviewed for large high quality observational studies with well matched controls. Identified studies were summarized in this review.
Results:
Four large cohort studies were identified and summarized including the Swedish Obese Subjects study, the Utah cohorts, the Kaiser Permanente studies and the SPLENDID study. All four cohorts demonstrated a strong association between bariatric surgery and a reduction in cancer risk. Two of the cohorts showed a reduction in cancer related mortality, and two of the cohorts found a dose-response between amount of weight loss following bariatric surgery and cancer risk.
Conclusions:
The evidence that bariatric surgery is associated with a reduced risk of cancer is compelling.
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