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Combining bird tracking data with high-resolution thermal mapping to identify microclimate refugia.

Rita F Ramos1,2,3,4,5, Aldina M A Franco6, James J Gilroy6

  • 1CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal. rita.ramos@uea.ac.uk.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Little bustards (Tetrax tetrax) use cooler microclimate refugia more often during hot weather, especially in areas with varied vegetation. This highlights the importance of habitat management for buffering bird populations against extreme temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Animal Behaviour
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Elevated temperatures pose fitness challenges for wildlife, necessitating access to microclimate refugia.
  • Research on the utilization of microclimate refugia by animals remains limited, despite their importance in mitigating heat stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the availability and use of cooler microclimate refugia by little bustards (Tetrax tetrax).
  • To identify landscape characteristics that provide crucial thermal buffering for wildlife.

Main Methods:

  • Combined high-resolution microclimate modeling with GPS tracking data from 77 little bustards (2009-2019).
  • Analyzed 92,685 GPS locations and surrounding areas for temperature and habitat data at 30m x 30m resolution.
  • Defined microclimate refugia as areas more than 0.5°C cooler than the surrounding landscape.

Main Results:

  • Cooler microclimate refugia were scarce, present in less than 30% of the little bustard's habitat.
  • Little bustard usage of refugia increased significantly with rising ambient temperatures, indicating active selection during heat.
  • Refugia availability and use were higher in heterogeneous vegetation cover and coastal areas.

Conclusions:

  • Little bustards actively seek and utilize microclimate refugia, particularly during extreme heat and the breeding season.
  • Heterogeneous vegetation and coastal proximity are key landscape features providing thermal buffering.
  • Understanding refugia availability is crucial for identifying vulnerable populations and informing habitat management strategies to mitigate climate change impacts.