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Common multi-day rhythms in smartphone behavior.

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  • 1Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy humans exhibit complex multi-day rhythms in daily activities, detectable through smartphone use. These personal, free-running rhythms, ranging from 7 to 52 days, are common but uniquely experienced by individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Human Behavior Analysis
  • Digital Phenotyping

Background:

  • Multi-day rhythms in human behavior are observed in clinical settings and ancient beliefs.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on abnormal behaviors or lunar cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of multi-day rhythms in healthy human behavior.
  • To analyze large-scale smartphone interaction data for evidence of endogenous biological rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of over 300 million smartphone touchscreen interactions from 401 subjects over up to 2 years.
  • Application of non-negative matrix factorization to extract scattered multi-day rhythms from behavioral data.

Main Results:

  • Individuals exhibit complex, scattered multi-day rhythms across various smartphone behaviors.
  • Extracted rhythms show periods ranging from 7 to 52 days, independent of age and gender.
  • Rhythms appear free-running, lacking broad population-level synchronization, suggesting endogenous origins rather than lunar influence.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-day rhythms are a common, intrinsic trait in healthy human behavior.
  • These rhythms manifest uniquely at the individual level, influencing daily activities.
  • Digital phenotyping offers a novel approach to studying endogenous biological rhythms in large populations.