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Phase angle and COVID-19: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Isabel Cornejo-Pareja1,2,3,4, Isabel M Vegas-Aguilar5,6, Rocío Fernández-Jiménez5,6

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Malaga University, 29010, Malaga, Spain. isabelmaria.cornejo@gmail.com.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|March 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Low phase angle (PhA) is a poor prognostic indicator in patients with COVID-19. This systematic review confirms PhA

Keywords:
Bioelectrical impedanceBody compositionCOVID-19DysphagiaLength of stayMalnutritionMortalityPhase angleSARS-CoV2SarcopeniaVectorial bioimpedance

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The prognostic value of phase angle (PhA) in COVID-19 patients remains under investigation.
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers for adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for patient management.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted on studies published between 2020 and January 2023.
  • Eligible studies included hospitalized COVID-19 patients with reported bioimpedance parameters, specifically PhA, and adverse clinical outcomes.
  • The GRADE system assessed the quality of evidence, and the review protocol was registered with PROSPERO.

Key Points:

  • Eight studies comprising 483 patients were included in the meta-analysis.
  • A low PhA was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (RR: 2.44) and higher complication rates (OR: 3.47) in COVID-19 patients.
  • Four evidence-based recommendations were established, including two strong recommendations for PhA's prognostic value.

Conclusions:

  • Phase angle is a valuable prognostic marker for mortality and complications in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Further research is needed to determine precise PhA cut-off values for guiding therapeutic interventions.
  • The findings support the routine use of PhA assessment in COVID-19 patient care.