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Simple Method to Generate Droplets Spontaneously by a Superhydrophobic Double-Layer Split Nozzle.

Hao Liang1, Liang Chen1, Haifeng Zhang2,1

  • 1MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|March 24, 2023
PubMed
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We developed a novel superhydrophobic double-layer split nozzle (SDSN) for spontaneous droplet generation. This device offers precise control over droplet volume and efficient transfer, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional droplet generation devices face challenges including complex fabrication, difficult droplet separation, and low transfer accuracy.
  • Existing methods often require intricate photolithography processes, increasing costs and complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel low-adhesion superhydrophobic double-layer split nozzle (SDSN) for spontaneous droplet generation.
  • To demonstrate precise control over droplet volume and efficient liquid transfer with minimal residue.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of the SDSN using conventional mechanical drilling, chemical etching, and low surface energy modification.
  • Utilizing interfacial tension within micro-holes to drive spontaneous droplet snap-off.

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  • Adjusting micro-hole size (100-500 μm) to control droplet volume (0.65-1.75 ± 0.007 μL).

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved stable, highly consistent micrometer-scale droplets through spontaneous snap-off.
    • Demonstrated precise droplet volume control by adjusting nozzle hole size.
    • Enabled efficient droplet transfer without liquid residue, improving accuracy and reagent saving.

    Conclusions:

    • The SDSN offers a cost-effective, simpler alternative to traditional droplet generation devices, eliminating the need for photolithography and post-processing.
    • The device exhibits excellent stability, unaffected by external condition fluctuations.
    • This technology holds significant potential for advancements in spontaneous droplet generation, liquid transport, and digital microfluidic systems.