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Multi-Allergen Quantification in Food Using Concatemer-Based Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry: An Interlaboratory

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Area of Science:

  • Food safety and analytical chemistry.
  • Development of standardized food allergen detection methods.

Background:

  • Accurate food allergen analysis is crucial for risk management and clear labeling.
  • Mass spectrometry (MS) is a preferred method for allergen detection, but quantification and interlaboratory harmonization remain challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess mass spectrometry (MS) for detecting and quantifying food allergens.
  • To evaluate a standard addition strategy with a stable isotope-labeled (SIL) concatemer as an internal standard in an interlaboratory study.

Main Methods:

  • Nine laboratories analyzed cookies incurred with egg, milk, peanut, and hazelnut allergens.
  • Methodology included sample preparation and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).
  • Quantification utilized standard addition with certified reference materials and a SIL concatemer internal standard.

Main Results:

  • Milk, hazelnut, and peanut were detected by all labs, meeting AOAC INTERNATIONAL Standard Method Performance Requirements (SMPR® 2016.002).
  • Egg detection was challenging due to processing effects, but five labs met sensitivity requirements.
  • Over 90% of quantification results demonstrated good method precision, aligning with SMPR® 2016.002.

Conclusions:

  • This interlaboratory study demonstrates MS potential for reliable food allergen detection and quantification.
  • The findings represent a significant advancement toward harmonizing allergen testing protocols among laboratories.