Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 5, 2025

04:46
Glioblastoma Relapse Post-Resection Model for Therapeutic Hydrogel Investigations
Published on: February 24, 2023
1.6K
Signaling Pathways in the Relapse of Glioblastoma
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
|March 24, 2023
Summary
Glioblastoma relapse involves diverse molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, contributing to treatment resistance. Further research is needed to identify clinically useful targets for glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent primary central nervous system tumor.
- Standard GBM treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) often leads to tumor relapse.
- Understanding GBM relapse mechanisms is critical for improving patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- A wide array of signaling pathways and molecular processes contribute to glioblastoma relapse.
- Tumor heterogeneity and treatment evasion are linked to this molecular diversity.
- Limited molecular processes currently demonstrate robust clinical utility for glioblastoma recurrence.
Related Concept Videos
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.3K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.3K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
8.6K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.6K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.8K
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers
7.1K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
7.1K
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses
6.5K
The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity.
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
6.5K

