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Tax abuse-The potential for the Sustainable Development Goals.

Bernadette A M O'Hare1, Marisol J Lopez1, Bernadetta Mazimbe2

  • 1School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Curtailing tax abuse can significantly boost government revenue, enabling progress on Sustainable Development Goals. This revenue increase could provide basic water and sanitation to millions and save hundreds of thousands of mothers and children.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • International Development

Background:

  • Governments provide essential health determinants like water, sanitation, and education, which are also Sustainable Development Goals and human rights.
  • Government spending on public services and health determinants correlates with revenue, but low- and lower-middle-income countries face budget constraints due to tax abuse.
  • A significant portion of global tax abuse is linked to a small number of countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the potential impact of reducing tax abuse on progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, 4, 5, and 6.
  • To model the relationship between government revenue and the provision of health determinants.
  • To highlight the role of policy in addressing tax abuse and improving public services.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized estimates of global tax abuse.
  • Employed a model linking government revenue to health determinants.
  • Quantified potential gains in access to sanitation, drinking water, and survival rates for mothers and children.

Main Results:

  • Increased government revenue equivalent to global tax abuses could provide 36 million people with basic sanitation and 18 million with basic drinking water.
  • Over a decade, this revenue increase could be associated with the survival of over 600,000 children and nearly 80,000 mothers.
  • Curtailing tax abuses presents a significant opportunity to advance multiple SDGs.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing tax avoidance and evasion is crucial for increasing government revenue in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
  • Policy interventions targeting countries enabling tax abuse are necessary to unlock funding for essential services and SDG achievement.
  • Addressing tax abuse directly contributes to improved public health, education, gender equality, and access to water and sanitation.