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Rethinking malaria: Governance lessons from other disease programs.

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Rethinking global malaria elimination requires examining governance. Lessons from smallpox, polio, onchocerciasis, and COVID-19 highlight eight key governance themes for successful disease eradication.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Global malaria elimination efforts face stagnation, exacerbated by COVID-19 disruptions.
  • Effective governance is crucial at community, national, and international levels for disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review malaria program governance challenges.
  • To identify critical governance factors impacting disease elimination by analyzing past and present global health programs.
  • To provide recommendations for improving malaria elimination governance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of governance in four major global disease elimination programs: smallpox eradication, polio eradication (Latin America), onchocerciasis eradication, and COVID-19 control.
  • Analysis of governance themes across these programs.

Main Results:

  • Identified eight key governance themes: international support/coordination, financing, data use, country ownership, national program structure, community engagement, multisectoral engagement, and technology/innovation.
  • Illustrated the application of these themes in the analyzed disease control programs.
  • Derived lessons on the role of governance in disease elimination.

Conclusions:

  • Governance is a critical determinant of success in global disease elimination programs.
  • Lessons from other programs offer valuable insights for strengthening malaria elimination governance.
  • Recommendations are provided to enhance malaria program governance for a more robust eradication effort.