Decision-making and frontoparietal resting-state functional connectivity among impulsive-compulsive diagnoses.
J J León1, P Fernández-Martin1, A González-Rodríguez1
1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain; Health Research Centre (CEINSA), University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, 04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain.
Addictive Behaviors
|March 24, 2023
Summary
This study found no significant differences in decision-making profiles or frontoparietal network connectivity between healthy individuals and those with obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse disorder, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during the Iowa Gambling Task.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Decision-making impairments are linked to psychopathological disorders like OCD, SUD, and ADHD, suggesting a transdiagnostic domain.
- Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is a potential biomarker for decision-making processes.
- The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a widely used tool for assessing decision-making.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify distinct decision-making profiles in healthy adults and patients with impulsive-compulsive spectrum disorders using the IGT.
- To investigate the role of frontoparietal network (FPN) rsFC as a biomarker for different decision-making patterns.
Main Methods:
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure rsFC in 114 adults (34 controls, 25 OCD, 41 SUD, 14 ADHD).
- Participants completed the IGT, and hybrid clustering methods were applied to individual deck choices to identify subgroups.
- Bayesian general linear models were used to analyze group differences and the association between FPN rsFC and IGT performance.
Main Results:
- Three decision-maker subgroups emerged: advantageous strategy (n=27), maladaptive strategy (n=25), and no preference (n=62).
- The distribution of participants across these clusters did not differ significantly between diagnostic groups.
- No credible differences in IGT performance were found between diagnostic groups, and FPN rsFC did not emerge as a reliable biomarker for decision-making in this context.
Conclusions:
- Decision-making strategies in the IGT may not be distinct across healthy individuals and those with OCD, SUD, or ADHD.
- Frontoparietal network rsFC did not serve as a biomarker for decision-making patterns in the IGT.
- Further research is needed to explore behavioral and neurophysiological factors influencing decision-making across diverse populations.
