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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes
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Solid microemulsion preconcentrates on pH responsive metal-organic framework for tableting.

Lena Scheller1, Stephanie Bachmann2, Theresa Zorn2

  • 1Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V
|March 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study solidifies drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates using ZIF-8, an acid-sensitive metal-organic framework. The resulting solid forms can be made into tablets or 3D-printed, releasing microemulsions at low pH for enhanced drug delivery.

Keywords:
Metal–organic frameworksMicroemulsion preconcentrateMicroemulsionsPWSDSMEDDSZIF-8pH responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Poorly water-soluble drugs often require advanced formulations like lipid-based systems for effective oral delivery.
  • Microemulsions and their preconcentrates offer improved drug solubility but pose challenges in developing stable solid dosage forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the solidification of drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates using the acid-sensitive metal-organic framework ZIF-8.
  • To evaluate the potential of ZIF-8 as a carrier for creating stimuli-responsive solid oral dosage forms.

Main Methods:

  • Solidification of drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates within ZIF-8.
  • Characterization using X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
  • Analysis of adsorption/desorption dynamics via fluorescence, HPLC, DLS, and 1H-DOSY experiments.

Main Results:

  • Successful loading of preconcentrates and model drugs (Nile Red, Vitamin K1, Lumefantrine) onto ZIF-8, preserving its crystal structure.
  • The resulting solid powder is suitable for tableting and 3D printing into oral dosage forms.
  • Colloidal solutions, forming microemulsions, were readily generated at low pH, enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli-responsive metal-organic frameworks like ZIF-8 can effectively serve as carriers for lipid-based formulations.
  • This approach enables the development of solid dosage forms that readily form colloidal microemulsions upon administration, improving oral drug delivery.