Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.8K

Infant gut microbiome composition correlated with type 1 diabetes acquisition in the general population: the ABIS

Malin Bélteky1, Patricia L Milletich2, Angelica P Ahrens2

  • 1Crown Princess Victoria's Children's Hospital, Region Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.

Diabetologia
|March 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Gut microbial biomarkers identified in 1-year-old infants can predict type 1 diabetes development up to 20 years before diagnosis, offering potential for early intervention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Immunology
  • Pediatric endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with increasing incidence.
  • Traditional markers for T1D development include autoantibodies.
  • Early identification of T1D risk factors is crucial for potential prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify gut microbial biomarkers in infants associated with future type 1 diabetes diagnosis.
  • To investigate microbial taxonomic and functional differences in infants who develop T1D compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore the potential of the gut microbiome as an early indicator for T1D.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stool samples from a longitudinal general population cohort (All Babies In Southeast Sweden).
  • 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and quantitative PCR to assess microbial composition.
  • PICRUSt used for predicting functional gene content from 16S rRNA data.
  • Comparison of microbial profiles between infants with future T1D diagnosis (n=16) and healthy controls (n=268).

Main Results:

  • Specific bacterial taxa, including Porphyromonas, were more abundant in infants who later developed T1D.
  • Parasutterella and Eubacterium were more abundant in healthy control infants.
  • Ruminococcus, Flavonifractor, UBA1819, Alistipes, and Fusicatenibacter showed differential abundance patterns differentiating future T1D cases from controls.
  • Predicted higher abundance of butyrate production and pyruvate fermentation pathways in healthy control infants.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbial biomarkers are detectable as early as one year of age in infants who develop type 1 diabetes.
  • Taxonomic and functional differences in the gut microbiome are associated with future T1D diagnosis.
  • The findings suggest a potential role for modulating the gut microbiome in T1D prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
ABISAutoimmunityGeneral population cohortHuman gut microbiomeInfancyType 1 diabetes

More Related Videos

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

28.6K
Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

14.3K

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
72.8K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.8K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.1K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.6K
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
392
Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
31.9K