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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

1.4K
Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
1.4K
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome: a case report.

Hyang-Yun Lee1, Jungho Shin1,2, Su-Hyun Kim2,3

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

BMC Nephrology
|March 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS) is a rare, life-threatening condition often misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent recurrence and fatal complications, highlighting the need for clinician awareness.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCase reportHemoconcentrationHypoalbuminemiaIdiopathicSystemic capillary leak syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Rare diseases
  • Internal medicine
  • Critical care medicine

Background:

  • Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent, life-threatening episodes of shock, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia.
  • It involves increased capillary permeability leading to plasma leakage into interstitial spaces, causing symptoms like renal failure.
  • ISCLS is frequently misdiagnosed, despite its potentially fatal nature.

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old male presented with weakness and abdominal pain, rapidly developing hypovolemic shock, hemoconcentration, hypoalbuminemia, and acute kidney injury.
  • After initial recovery with fluid therapy, a similar episode recurred four months later without a clear trigger.
  • The patient was diagnosed with ISCLS based on recurrent clinical and laboratory findings.

Findings:

  • Symptomatic management included oxygen, aggressive fluid resuscitation with normal saline, bambuterol, and theophylline.
  • The patient experienced no further ISCLS recurrence or symptoms during a five-year follow-up, even during a COVID-19 infection.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and prompt management of ISCLS are crucial for preventing recurrence and severe complications.
  • Increased clinician awareness of ISCLS's diverse presentations and available treatments is essential.
  • This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies for managing ISCLS.