Alcohol consumption and microvascular dysfunction: a J-shaped association: The Maastricht Study

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Metabolic Health
• Alcohol Research

Background:

• Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is a significant risk factor for major diseases including stroke, dementia, retinopathy, and chronic kidney disease.
• Alcohol consumption is a potential determinant influencing the development of MVD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and MVD across multiple organs (brain, retina, skin, kidney, blood).
• To examine if these associations vary based on a history of cardiovascular disease or sex.

Main Methods:

• Utilized cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study (N=3,120).
• Employed regression analyses to assess the relationship between total alcohol intake and a composite MVD score.
• Adjusted for confounders and tested for interactions with sex, cardiovascular disease history, and glucose metabolism status.

Main Results:

• A non-linear, J-shaped association was observed between total alcohol consumption and MVD.
• Moderate alcohol consumption showed a significant association with less MVD compared to light consumption.
• The alcohol-MVD relationship varied significantly by sex, cardiovascular disease history, and glucose metabolism status.

Conclusions:

• The study provides evidence that alcohol consumption may influence microvascular dysfunction.
• While increased alcohol intake is not recommended, findings suggest dietary interventions could aid in MVD prevention.