Endovascular Management of Combined Symptomatic Spontaneous Isolated Renal and Celiac Arterial Dissection: A Case Report

To report a unique entity and its management that occurred at our facility: combined spontaneous isolated renal and celiac arterial dissection (SIRCAD) with resultant renal and gastrointestinal symptoms.

A 50-year-old man with no past medical history presented with a 4 day history of nausea, intermittent stabbing epigastric pain, right flank pain, and uncontrolled hypertension. After full physical examination and imaging studies, the diagnosis of SIRCAD was established and confirmed. Selective right renal artery catheterization revealed dissection limited to the main trunk, and after careful selective hand-injection and successful cannulation of the distal renal artery branches through the true lumen assisted by intravascular ultrasound, a balloon expandable covered stent (6 mm in diameter and 60 mm in length) was deployed in the main renal artery. The same steps were performed for management of the celiac artery dissection. The patient was treated with clopidogrel 75 mg for 6 weeks and lifetime aspirin. A week after the procedure, his symptoms completely resolved.

The pathology of SIRCAD in the absence of other vascular dissections is extremely rare, which speaks for the necessity of reporting this case and highlights the great role of evolving imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of such cases.

Symptomatic combined spontaneous isolated renal and celiac arterial dissection (SIRCAD) remain rare despite the increased frequency of reports on asymptomatic dissections. The etiology of SIRCAD is not precisely defined. Moreover, treatment of SIRCAD remains controversial with only a few cases of percutaneous interventional treatment are reported in the literature.