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Solar PV power plant site selection using a GIS-based non-linear multi-criteria optimization technique.

Abdullah Khan1, Yousaf Ali1, Dragan Pamucar2,3

  • 1School of Management Sciences, Ghulam Ishaq Khan (GIK) Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Swabi, Pakistan.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|March 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Selecting optimal sites for solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants is crucial for sustainable energy. This study identified only 2.02% of the country as suitable for PV installations, guiding future renewable energy development.

Keywords:
Full consistency methodGISNon-linear multi-criteria optimizationSite selectionSolar PV power plant

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Renewable Energy Engineering
  • Geographic Information Systems

Background:

  • Fossil fuel reliance presents environmental challenges, driving the need for sustainable energy solutions.
  • Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a clean energy alternative but require careful site selection due to land and investment needs.
  • Identifying suitable locations for PV power plants is essential for maximizing efficiency and minimizing costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive methodology for identifying suitable sites for solar photovoltaic power plants.
  • To analyze key factors influencing PV power plant location, including geographic, technical, economic, and flood susceptibility criteria.
  • To create a national suitability map for solar PV power plant development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a multi-criteria decision-making approach, employing the Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) to assign weights to ten factors.
  • Integrated data from governmental and international organizations for factor analysis.
  • Performed weighted overlay analysis using ESRI ArcGIS Pro to generate a suitability map.

Main Results:

  • Identified that only 2.02% of the country's area is suitable for solar PV power plant construction.
  • Classified suitable areas into five distinct suitability levels.
  • Conducted a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of individual factors on the final suitability map.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a scientifically robust framework for solar PV power plant site selection.
  • The generated suitability map highlights critical areas for renewable energy deployment, guiding policy and investment.
  • Findings support the expansion of solar energy resources and contribute to sustainable energy goals.