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Withanolides from Discopodium penninervium.

Kibrom Gebreheiwot Bedane1, Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta2, Peter Spiteller3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 33658, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.

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|March 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Three new withanolides, discopodinolides A-C, were isolated from the Ethiopian medicinal plant Discopodium penninervium. Discopodinolides B and C showed moderate antibacterial activity against common pathogenic bacteria like E. coli.

Keywords:
AntibacterialDiscopodinolides A – CDiscopodium penninerviumSolanaceae

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Medicinal Plant Research

Background:

  • Discopodium penninervium is an Ethiopian endemic plant with traditional medicinal uses.
  • Withanolides are a class of steroidal lactones with diverse biological activities.
  • Ethnobotanical knowledge highlights the potential of D. penninervium for novel drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize new withanolides from Discopodium penninervium.
  • To evaluate the antibacterial potential of isolated compounds against pathogenic bacteria.
  • To contribute to the understanding of the chemical constituents and bioactivity of D. penninervium.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of D. penninervium twigs.
  • Isolation and purification of chemical compounds using chromatographic techniques.
  • Structure elucidation via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS).
  • Determination of relative configurations using single-crystal X-ray crystallography and NOESY correlations.
  • Antibacterial assays against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus megaterium.

Main Results:

  • Three new withanolides, discopodinolides A-C, and four known analogues were isolated.
  • The structures and relative configurations of the new compounds were fully elucidated.
  • Discopodinolides B and C demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity against E. coli, B. subtilis, and B. megaterium.
  • No significant activity was reported for discopodinolide A or the known analogues.

Conclusions:

  • Discopodium penninervium is a source of novel withanolides with potential antibacterial properties.
  • Discopodinolides B and C represent promising leads for the development of new antibacterial agents.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism of action and optimization of these compounds is warranted.