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Re-emergence of Parechovirus: 2017-2022 National Trends of Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Lili Tao1, Romney M Humphries1, Ritu Banerjee2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|March 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Parechovirus (PeV) infections increased, prompting a CDC advisory. Unexpected viral dynamics were observed from 2020-2022, possibly due to COVID-19 mitigation, highlighting the need for PeV testing in children.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • An increase in parechovirus (PeV) infections led to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Health Advisory in July 2022.
  • Parechovirus is a significant cause of central nervous system illness in young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively assess national trends in parechovirus (PeV) infections in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 2020 to 2022.
  • To investigate potential associations between PeV dynamics and public health interventions for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national PeV surveillance data in CSF.
  • Examination of viral trends and regional variations during the specified period.

Main Results:

  • Unexpected viral dynamics of PeV were observed between 2020 and 2022.
  • Significant regional variations in PeV trends were noted.
  • These dynamics may be linked to mitigation strategies implemented for SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified unusual patterns in PeV infections coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Findings suggest that public health measures for SARS-CoV-2 may have influenced PeV epidemiology.
  • Enhanced PeV testing is crucial for diagnosing and managing affected patients, especially children.
Keywords:
EpidemiologyMeningitisPediatrics

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