Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
Published on: April 2, 2015
Thermally Activated Nitrogen/Heat Generating Reaction: A Kinetic Study
Ali A Al-Taq1,2, Murtada Saleh Aljawad1,3, Olalekan Saheed Alade3
1Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride are the most widely used thermochemicals in the oil and gas industry. The kinetics of this reaction when activated with acids or acid precursors were the subject of extensive research by several researchers. The activation of such a highly spontaneous/vigorous reaction by heat is considered a promising reaction control. In this work, a kinetic study was carried out for the reaction of sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride salt activated by heat at 1-5 M and temperatures of 50-90 °C. The study was carried out in both closed and open systems, with the monitoring of gas evolution and generated pressure. The study showed a relatively higher order for ammonium chloride than sodium nitrite. The excess amount of ammonium chloride, a weak acid, enhanced the reaction as it could be catalyzed by both heat and acid. The obtained kinetics of the nitrogen generating reaction is given as dc/dt = -7.66 × 1011 C o 2.45 e (-91.44 kJ/mol)/ . The reaction kinetics in this study differs from what is reported in the literature regarding the order of NH4Cl, which was reported to be higher than that of NaNO2 under examined conditions. This study has practical significance for controlling the reactivity of the NH4Cl/NaNO2 nitrogen/heat generating system and calculating/optimizing nitrogen generation for a specific field application.
More Related Videos
07:49On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes
Published on: August 5, 2016
07:24Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer
Published on: February 19, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
Mechanism of heat transfer
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate