Multi-modulation of immune-inflammatory response using bioactive molecule-integrated PLGA composite for spinal fusion
Hye Yeong Lee1, Da-Seul Kim2,3, Gwang Yong Hwang1
1Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Materials Today. Bio
|March 27, 2023
Summary
A novel bioactive composite scaffold enhances bone regeneration for spinal fusion. This material reduces inflammation and promotes new bone growth, offering a safer alternative to current treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Current bone substitutes for spinal fusion have limitations, including inadequate bone regeneration and adverse effects like inflammation from recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).
- There is a clinical need for effective and safe bone graft substitutes that promote osteogenesis and bone healing without side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a novel, multi-modal, bioactive composite scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration in spinal fusion.
- To assess the efficacy of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composite incorporating magnesium hydroxide (MH), decellularized bone extracellular matrix (bECM), demineralized bone matrix (DBM), and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) for spinal fusion.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a bioactive PLGA composite scaffold (PME2/PN) using a nano-emulsion method with Span 80, incorporating MH, bECM, DBM, and PDRN.
- Evaluation of the scaffold's biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteogenic, and angiogenic potential in a rat posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) model.
Main Results:
- The PME2/PN composite demonstrated synergistic effects, improving osteogenic and angiogenic gene expression crucial for bone fusion.
- The scaffold effectively reduced inflammation and modulated macrophage polarization, contributing to successful bone tissue repair.
- The developed composite showed sufficient biocompatibility and bioactivity for spinal fusion applications.
Conclusions:
- The novel bioactive PLGA-MH-bECM/DBM-PDRN composite (PME2/PN) is a promising biomaterial for spinal fusion.
- This multi-modal scaffold effectively promotes bone regeneration by enhancing osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and reducing adverse inflammatory responses.
- The PME2/PN composite represents a potentially safer and more effective alternative to existing bone graft substitutes for clinical spinal fusion.
